Buoyed by great technological advances, optical systems and assemblies have undergone tremendous progress in recent years. The design and making of systems of lens and mirrors to effectuate desirable optical properties and phenomena is emerging quickly as a vigorously pursued and highly contested arena of research and development in the world. Examples of advanced applications include high precision mirrors for large telescope, free-form lens with special optical effects and interferometric measuring devices for ultra-precise manufacturing processes, to cite just a few. Nowadays overseas universities and research institutes devote many resources to optical engineering and sciences.

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